用酶來標(biāo)記抗原或抗體免疫分析分析技術(shù)。由于酶高效生物催化作用,產(chǎn)生了放大作用,使得原來極其微乎其微抗原或抗體在數(shù)分鐘后就可被識(shí)別出來,這種技術(shù)被稱為酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)法(ELISA方法)。 The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a test that uses antibodies and color change to identify a substance.
ELISA is a popular format of "wet-lab" type analytic biochemistry assay that uses a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to detect the presence of a substance, usually an antigen, in a liquid sample or wet sample.
The ELISA has been used as a diagnostic tool in medicine and plant pathology, as well as a quality-control check in various industries.
Antigens from the sample are attached to a surface. Then, a further specific antibody is applied over the surface so it can bind to the antigen. This antibody is linked to an enzyme, and, in the final step, a substance containing the enzyme's substrate is added. The subsequent reaction produces a detectable signal, most commonly a color change in the substrate.